Antiviral strategies for emerging influenza viruses in remote communities.
Identifieur interne : 000305 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000304; suivant : 000306Antiviral strategies for emerging influenza viruses in remote communities.
Auteurs : Marek Laskowski [Canada] ; Amy L. Greer [Canada] ; Seyed M. Moghadas [Canada]Source :
- PloS one [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2014.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
- Wicri :
- geographic : Canada.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adolescent, Adult, Antiviral Agents (therapeutic use), Canada, Chemoprevention, Child, Child, Preschool, Communicable Diseases, Emerging (prevention & control), Computer Simulation, Humans, Infant, Influenza, Human (prevention & control), Manitoba, Middle Aged, Models, Statistical, Rural Population, Young Adult.
- MESH :
- chemical , therapeutic use : Antiviral Agents.
- geographic : Canada, Manitoba.
- prevention & control : Communicable Diseases, Emerging, Influenza, Human.
- Adolescent, Adult, Chemoprevention, Child, Child, Preschool, Computer Simulation, Humans, Infant, Middle Aged, Models, Statistical, Rural Population, Young Adult.
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Due to the lack of timely access to resources for critical care, strategic use of antiviral drugs is crucial for mitigating the impact of novel influenza viruses with pandemic potential in remote and isolated communities. We sought to evaluate the effect of antiviral treatment and prophylaxis of close contacts in a Canadian remote northern community.
METHODS
We used an agent-based, discrete-time simulation model for disease spread in a remote community, which was developed as an in-silico population using population census data. Relative and cumulative age-specific attack rates, and the total number of infections in simulated model scenarios were obtained.
RESULTS
We found that early initiation of antiviral treatment is more critical for lowering attack rates in a remote setting with a low population-average age compared to an urban population. Our results show that a significant reduction in the relative, age-specific attack rates due to increasing treatment coverage does not necessarily translate to a significant reduction in the overall arrack rate. When treatment coverage varies from low to moderate, targeted prophylaxis has a very limited impact in reducing attack rates and should be offered at a low level (below 10%) to avoid excessive waste of drugs.
CONCLUSIONS
In contrast to previous work, for conservative treatment coverages, our results do not provide any convincing evidence for the implementation of targeted prophylaxis. The findings suggest that public health strategies in remote communities should focus on the wider availability (higher coverage) and timely distribution of antiviral drugs for treatment of clinically ill individuals.
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089651
PubMed: 24586937
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
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Greer</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ontario</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moghadas, Seyed M" sort="Moghadas, Seyed M" uniqKey="Moghadas S" first="Seyed M" last="Moghadas">Seyed M. Moghadas</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Agent-Based Modelling Laboratory, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Agent-Based Modelling Laboratory, York University, Toronto, Ontario</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ontario</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PloS one</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2014" type="published">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adult</term><term>Antiviral Agents (therapeutic use)</term><term>Canada</term><term>Chemoprevention</term><term>Child</term><term>Child, Preschool</term><term>Communicable Diseases, Emerging (prevention & control)</term><term>Computer Simulation</term><term>Humans</term><term>Infant</term><term>Influenza, Human (prevention & control)</term><term>Manitoba</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Models, Statistical</term><term>Rural Population</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adulte</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Antiviraux (usage thérapeutique)</term><term>Canada</term><term>Chimioprévention</term><term>Enfant</term><term>Enfant d'âge préscolaire</term><term>Grippe humaine ()</term><term>Humains</term><term>Jeune adulte</term><term>Maladies transmissibles émergentes ()</term><term>Manitoba</term><term>Modèles statistiques</term><term>Nourrisson</term><term>Population rurale</term><term>Simulation numérique</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="therapeutic use" xml:lang="en"><term>Antiviral Agents</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" xml:lang="en"><term>Canada</term><term>Manitoba</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="prevention & control" xml:lang="en"><term>Communicable Diseases, Emerging</term><term>Influenza, Human</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="usage thérapeutique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Antiviraux</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adult</term><term>Chemoprevention</term><term>Child</term><term>Child, Preschool</term><term>Computer Simulation</term><term>Humans</term><term>Infant</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Models, Statistical</term><term>Rural Population</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adulte</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Canada</term><term>Chimioprévention</term><term>Enfant</term><term>Enfant d'âge préscolaire</term><term>Grippe humaine</term><term>Humains</term><term>Jeune adulte</term><term>Maladies transmissibles émergentes</term><term>Manitoba</term><term>Modèles statistiques</term><term>Nourrisson</term><term>Population rurale</term><term>Simulation numérique</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Canada</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>BACKGROUND</b></p><p>Due to the lack of timely access to resources for critical care, strategic use of antiviral drugs is crucial for mitigating the impact of novel influenza viruses with pandemic potential in remote and isolated communities. We sought to evaluate the effect of antiviral treatment and prophylaxis of close contacts in a Canadian remote northern community.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>METHODS</b></p><p>We used an agent-based, discrete-time simulation model for disease spread in a remote community, which was developed as an in-silico population using population census data. Relative and cumulative age-specific attack rates, and the total number of infections in simulated model scenarios were obtained.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>RESULTS</b></p><p>We found that early initiation of antiviral treatment is more critical for lowering attack rates in a remote setting with a low population-average age compared to an urban population. Our results show that a significant reduction in the relative, age-specific attack rates due to increasing treatment coverage does not necessarily translate to a significant reduction in the overall arrack rate. When treatment coverage varies from low to moderate, targeted prophylaxis has a very limited impact in reducing attack rates and should be offered at a low level (below 10%) to avoid excessive waste of drugs.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b></p><p>In contrast to previous work, for conservative treatment coverages, our results do not provide any convincing evidence for the implementation of targeted prophylaxis. The findings suggest that public health strategies in remote communities should focus on the wider availability (higher coverage) and timely distribution of antiviral drugs for treatment of clinically ill individuals.</p></div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">24586937</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2014</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>28</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2018</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>13</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic-eCollection"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1932-6203</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>9</Volume><Issue>2</Issue><PubDate><Year>2014</Year></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>PloS one</Title><ISOAbbreviation>PLoS ONE</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Antiviral strategies for emerging influenza viruses in remote communities.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>e89651</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1371/journal.pone.0089651</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">Due to the lack of timely access to resources for critical care, strategic use of antiviral drugs is crucial for mitigating the impact of novel influenza viruses with pandemic potential in remote and isolated communities. We sought to evaluate the effect of antiviral treatment and prophylaxis of close contacts in a Canadian remote northern community.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">We used an agent-based, discrete-time simulation model for disease spread in a remote community, which was developed as an in-silico population using population census data. Relative and cumulative age-specific attack rates, and the total number of infections in simulated model scenarios were obtained.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">We found that early initiation of antiviral treatment is more critical for lowering attack rates in a remote setting with a low population-average age compared to an urban population. Our results show that a significant reduction in the relative, age-specific attack rates due to increasing treatment coverage does not necessarily translate to a significant reduction in the overall arrack rate. When treatment coverage varies from low to moderate, targeted prophylaxis has a very limited impact in reducing attack rates and should be offered at a low level (below 10%) to avoid excessive waste of drugs.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">In contrast to previous work, for conservative treatment coverages, our results do not provide any convincing evidence for the implementation of targeted prophylaxis. 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IdType="pubmed">16585506</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>Canada</li></country><region><li>Angleterre</li><li>Grand Londres</li></region><settlement><li>Londres</li></settlement><orgName><li>University College de Londres</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Canada"><region name="Angleterre"><name sortKey="Laskowski, Marek" sort="Laskowski, Marek" uniqKey="Laskowski M" first="Marek" last="Laskowski">Marek Laskowski</name></region><name sortKey="Greer, Amy L" sort="Greer, Amy L" uniqKey="Greer A" first="Amy L" last="Greer">Amy L. Greer</name><name sortKey="Moghadas, Seyed M" sort="Moghadas, Seyed M" uniqKey="Moghadas S" first="Seyed M" last="Moghadas">Seyed M. Moghadas</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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